FORVM VF Crusaders Achaea Greece Princess Maud of Hainaut Silver Denier 0.935g

Description

Crusaders, Frankish Greece, Principality of Achaea, Mahaut (Maud) of Hainaut, 1316 - 1318
The crusades were military expeditions undertaken by the Christians of Europe in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. The origin of the word may be traced to the cross made of cloth and worn as a badge on the outer garment of those who took part in these enterprises. The Crusader states were a number of mostly 12th and 13th century feudal states created by Western European crusaders in Sicily, Greece, Asia Minor, and the Holy Land, and during the Northern Crusades in the eastern Baltic area. Politics were complicated, including a Christian alliance with the Islamic Sultanate of Rûm during the Fifth Crusade. The Crusaders ravaged the countries they marched through, killed 8,000 Jews in the Rhineland in the first of Europe's pogroms, devastated the Mediterranean ports, fought amongst themselves as much as the 'Infidel' and fleeced their subjects to fill their coffers. Murder and massacre in the service of the Gospel was commonplace. Seventy thousand civilians were butchered in the sack of Jerusalem. The end came in 1291 with the fall of Acre, the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land.
The small footed R has been identified as the epigraphy of Clarentza mint.
CR88476. Billon denier tournois, references: Malloy Crusaders 43; Metcalf Crusades type MA2; condition: VF, toned, clashed dies, edge ragged with small splits, mint: Clarentza(?), weight: 0.935g, maximum diameter: 21.2mm, die axis: 225
o
, date struck: 1316 - 1318; obverse + MAhAVTA•P Ach, cross pattée; reverse DE CLARENCIA, castle tournois, surmounted by cross, C left; additional comments: from the Louis G Estate; 8
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